Generalization of a fixed point theorem of Suzuki type in complete convex space

The aim of this paper is to generalize a fixed point theorem given by Popescu[20]. We also complement and extend some very recent results proved by Suzuki [T. Suzuki, A generalized Banach contraction principle that characterizes metric completeness, Proc. Amer. Math. Soc. 136 (2008) 1861 - 1869]. We furnish an example to validate our result

Correlation of Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology with Histopathology in the Diagnosis of Solitary Thyroid Nodule

Background. Fine needle aspiration cytology is considered the gold standard diagnostic test for the diagnosis of thyroid nodules. Fine needle aspiration cytology is a cost effective procedure that provides specific diagnosis rapidly with minimal complications. Based on the cytology findings, patients can be followed in cases of benign diagnosis and subjected to surgery in cases of malignant diagnosis thereby decreasing the rate of unnecessary surgery. Purpose of the present study was to correlate the fine needle aspiration cytology findings with histopathology of excised specimens. Material and Methods. This was a prospective study conducted on 75 consecutive patients between January 2003 and December 2005. All patients with clinically diagnosed solitary thyroid nodule who were clinically and biochemically euthyroid were included for study. Patients with multinodular goitre and who were hypothyroid or hyperthyroid were excluded from the study. Results. The sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, false positive rate, false negative rate, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of FNAC for the diagnosis of neoplastic solitary thyroid nodules were 80%, 86.6%, 13.3%, 20%, 80%, and 86.6%, respectively. Commonest malignancy detected was papillary carcinoma in 12 patients. Conclusions. Fine needle aspiration cytology is a simple, easy to perform, cost effective, and easily repeated procedure for the diagnosis of thyroid cancer. It is recommended as the first line investigation for the diagnosis of solitary thyroid nodule

Monolithic zirconia partial coverage restorations: An in- vitro clinical simulation

To evaluate the survival rate and bonding efficiency and marginal integrity of monolithic zirconia partial coverage restorations bonded using air particle abrasion, a primer with 10- methacryloyloxydecyl dihydrogen phosphate and composite resin (APC) protocol. Human maxillary premolars were prepared for monolithic 3Y zirconia partial coverage restorations. Group1 (control) full coverage crown, group 2 and 3 preserving 2mm functional or nonfunctional cusp width, group 4 overlay preparation. The restorations were bonded using the APC protocol. The samples were exposed to simultaneous thermocycling and mechanical loading, SEM analysis were performed to detect failure (cracks/micro cracks) and marginal defects. In group 2, one specimen debonded and SEM analysis at 30X indicated marginal integrity issue of the remaining seven intact specimens. None of the specimens failed due to fracture. No other specimens demonstrated marginal integrity issued at 30X. None of the specimens demonstrated any micro crack at 100X and 150X. Due to its fracture resistance, 3Y-zirconia may be considered as a desirable material for partial coverage restorations. Following a strict bonding protocol, bonding zirconia seems to be promising and durable. Occlusal contact on restoration margins should be avoided.Master of Scienc

Effect of thermal shock and loading rate on the microstructure and properties of Cu/Al2O3 composites

Metal matrix composites have pervasive applications in automotive and aerospace industries due to excellent properties like high strength to weight ratio which provides excellent weight saving in large components. The copper-alumina composites have high electrical and thermal conductivity coupled with good toughness of copper and hardness of alumina. Nano particulates form stronger and stiffer composites than the micron as they effectively hinder the dislocation movement prohibiting grain coarsening of copper during heat treatment. Thermal shock while in material application plays a dominant role during its performance as it triggers interfacial de-cohesion/cohesion and particle pull out which will check any amelioration or impairment of the properties. 1,3,5 vol.% nano composites and 5,10,20 vol.% micro composites were fabricated by powder metallurgy followed by conventional sintering. Mechanical property determination like micro-hardness measurements, 3-point bend testing was done for thermally shocked specimens under ex-situ and in-situ conditions, followed by characterization under scanning electron microscopy to demarcate the variation in properties. Effect of loading rate on the flexural strengths of the composites was also demonstrate

Atracurium-induced anaphylaxis and angioedema: a case report

Drug-induced anaphylaxis has increased in frequency with the more widespread use of pharmaceutical agents. Neuromuscular blocking agents (NMBAs) are one of the most common causes of anaphylaxis during general anesthesia. However, the incidence of anaphylaxis due to atracurium is very rare (<1/10,000) according to UK Summary of Product Characteristics. NMBAs can induce two types of reactions: one is immune mediated - immunoglobulin E dependent and the second one is associated with non-specific stimulation of mast cells. Systemic manifestations of anaphylaxis can be in the form of hypotension, difficulty in breathing. Rarely, it can be associated with cutaneous manifestations such as urticaria, angioedema, and flushing. If it is not promptly diagnosed and treated, it can be fatal. In the present case, the patient was posted for submandibular gland surgery. She was well-stabilized after general anesthesia and within the seconds of giving injection atracurium; she had difficulty in breathing and marked decrease in blood pressure that was soon followed by periorbital swelling and swelling of lips. The patient was diagnosed with anaphylaxis with angioedema due to atracurium and was promptly managed in operation theater. She was kept under observation for 2 days. Anaphylaxis along with angioedema with atracurium is a very rare event, and hence it is being reported here

Generalization of a fixed point theorem of Suzuki type in complete metric space

The aim of this paper is to generalize a fixed point result given by Popescu[17]. Our results complement and extend very recent results proved by Suzuki [T. Suzuki, A generalized Banach contraction principle that characterizes metric completeness, Proc. Amer. Math. Soc. 136 (2008) 1861 - 1869]. To validate our result an example is given

Hand hygiene compliance among healthcare workers in a tertiary care academic health care organization

Background: Healthcare Associated Infections (HAIs) are a major cause of high morbidity, disability, mortality and rising costs for health systems. Preventing the HAI risk by planning and implementing effective preventive strategies is important to safeguard patient health. Handwashing is one of the fundamental measures for preventing transmission of hospital-acquired infections.Methods: This cross-sectional observational study was conducted in the surgical ICU from January to February 2018 to evaluate the presence of adhesion to the different aspects of HH. Inclusion criteria included all nurses and allied healthcare workers of surgical ICU while all other HCWs were excluded. Two observers collected all HH data. During this analysis, 3000 HH opportunities were observed. HH compliance was tested for all 5 moments as per WHO guidelines. Data thus collected were entered into a computer-based spreadsheet for analysis using SPSS statistical software (version 20) (IBM Corp., NY, USA).Results: Overall hand hygiene compliance observed as per WHO Guidelines was 79.8%. Nurses had an adherence rate of 77.8%; allied staff adherence was 81.8%. Nurses’ compliance after touching patient surroundings was lowest at 60.7%. 96% staff was aware of the facts like diseases prevented by hand washing, ideal duration of HH, reduction of health care associated infections.Conclusions: Overall, the involved ICUs showed low levels of adherence to best hygiene practices with overall compliance of 79.2%. This suggests the need to implement immediate strategies for infection control in the ICUs. A multidisciplinary intervention could be effective in preventing and control the HAI risk

Study of sociodemographic profile and pattern of gynaecological malignancies in a tertiary care center

Background: Gynaecological malignancies are second most common cancer of females after cancer breast. Carcinoma cervix is the commonest gynaecological malignancy in developing countries while in developed countries, ovarian cancer is the commonest gynaecological malignancy. Appropriate screening and timely diagnosis can save many lives. The objective of this study was to study socio-demographic profile of patients presenting with gynaecological malignancy. And to study presenting symptoms and pattern of gynaecological malignancies in themMethods: It was a retrospective record based study from December 2011 to December 2015. Various parameters from Case records of patients with gynaecological malignancies who visited outpatient department of unit IV were retrieved and analysis done.Results: In our study, most of the patients (30.52%) belonged to age group of 51-60 years, were multiparous (94.21%), Illiterate (67.3%) and belonged to rural background (65.28%). Most of the patients of cancer cervix had their presenting complaint as post-menopausal bleeding (48.38%), followed by excessive white discharge (33.87%). Majority of patients (65.26%) had cancer cervix, were in FIGO stage II .Commonest histopathological type was squamous cell carcinoma.Conclusions: Most common gynaecological malignancy in India is carcinoma cervix. Proper screening and timely diagnosis can save many lives